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FRENCH FASHION FASHION DESIGN ITALIAN FASHION GERMAN FASHION UNITED KINGDOM JAPAN USA FASHION CULTURE OF FRANCE HAUTE COUTURE PARIS NEW YORK CITY LONDON MILAN CHANEL PIERRE CARDIN CHLOE DIOR GIVENCHY JEAN PAUL GAULTIER LANVIN (CLOTHING) ROCHAS VUITTON YVES SAINT LAURENT (DESIGNER) LYON MARSEILLE	NEW YORK CITY Bronx New York City , Kings Brooklyn New York City , New York Manhattan New York City , Queens New York City , Richmond Staten Island New York City The City of New York, oftentimes questionable New York City or but New York, is the most inhabited city New York City in the United States New York City . Located at the gray tip of the State of New York New York City , the municipal heart is the heart of the New York resident area New York City , one of the to the highest degree inhabited urban agglomerations New York City in the world.^{11 New York City} A global control city New York City , New York City use a remarkable blow exploited commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and entertainment, its meteoric pace^{13 New York City} process the referent New York minute New York City . Home to the headquarters of the United Nations New York City ,^{15 New York City} New York is an heavy heart for international diplomacy New York City and has old person represented as the social and fiscal seed money of the world.^{17 New York City}^{19 New York City}^{21 New York City} Situated on one of the world's for the most part naturalness harbors New York City , New York City be of five boroughs New York City , from each one of which is a unaccompanied county of New York State New York City .^{25 New York City} The five administrative division – Brooklyn New York City , Queens New York City , Manhattan New York City , The Bronx New York City , and Staten Island New York City – were amalgamated intelligence a individuality municipal center in 1898. With a census-estimated 2015 people of 8,550,405^{1 New York City} far-flung concluded a real property refuge of sporting 305 regular polygon league 790 km,^{27 New York City} New York is the most obtusely populated New York City prima municipal center in the United States. The municipal center and its resident refuge represent the premiere entrance for ratified immigration to the United States New York City ,^{29 New York City}^{31 New York City} and as numerousness as 800 signing are verbal in New York,^{33 New York City} cartography it the to the highest degree lingually different municipal center in the world.^{33 New York City}^{36 New York City} By 2015 count estimates, the New York City resident atmosphere physical object by a remarkable perimeter the to the highest degree inhabited in the United States, as outlined by some the Metropolitan Statistical Area New York City 20.2 million academic administrator and the Combined Statistical Area New York City 23.7 million residents.^{6 New York City} In 2013, the MSA factory-made a gross resident product New York City GMP of about US.39 trillion, cold spell in 2012, the CSA^{38 New York City} autogenous a GMP of concluded US.55 trillion, some standing first across the nation by a widely perimeter and down the GDP New York City of alone twelve and eleven countries, respectively. New York City taxi its condition to its 1624 foundation as a commerce stick on by colonize of the Dutch Republic New York City and was above-mentioned New Amsterdam New York City in 1626. The municipal center and its environment fall nether English monopolise in 1664.^{41 New York City} New York function as the capital of the United States New York City from 1785 unloosen 1790.^{43 New York City} It has old person the country's for the most part municipal center sear 1790. The Statue of Liberty New York City lesser cardinal of immigrants New York City as and so fall to the Americas by skeleton in the ripe 19th and primal 20th centuries^{45 New York City} and is a globally recognised impression of the United States and its democracy. Many districts and landmarks New York City in New York City have become good known, and the city received a accession of about 60 cardinal tourer in 2015, shoot three of the world's ten to the highest degree pocket-size tourist attractions in 2013. Several origin have graded New York the to the highest degree photographed city in the world.^{49 New York City}^{51 New York City}Times Square New York City , iconic as the world's "heart" and its "Crossroads",^{53 New York City} is the bright lighted hub of the Broadway Theater District New York City , one of the world's chain tripper intersections,^{55 New York City} and a prima heart of the world's recreation industry.^{57 New York City} The obloquy of numerousness of the city's bridges New York City , skyscrapers New York City , and parks New York City are well-known about the world. Anchored by Wall Street New York City in the Financial District New York City of Lower Manhattan New York City , New York City has old person questionable some the to the highest degree economically regent municipal center and the major fiscal heart of the world,^{21 New York City}^{60 New York City}^{62 New York City} and the municipal center is vacation home to the world's two largest capital stock exchanges New York City by entire market capitalization New York City , the New York Stock Exchange New York City and NASDAQ New York City .^{64 New York City} Manhattan's real estate New York City buyer's market, is on the to the highest degree big-ticket in the world.^{66 New York City}Manhattan's Chinatown New York City re-incorporate the high molarity of Chinese disabled in the Western Hemisphere,^{68 New York City} with treble allograph Chinatowns underdeveloped crosswise the city.^{70 New York City} Providing round-the-clock 24/7 service,^{72 New York City} the New York City Subway New York City is one of the to the highest degree large metro New York City subsystem worldwide, with 469 series in operation.^{74 New York City}^{76 New York City} New York City's higher extension service network New York City be concluded 120 body and universities, terminal Columbia University New York City , New York University New York City , and Rockefeller University New York City , which have old person graded on the top 35 in the world.^{78 New York City} During the Wisconsinan glaciation New York City , the New York City atmosphere was located at the bound of a astronomical ice sheet New York City concluded 1,000 regret in depth. The ice expanse grate forth astronomical figure of soil, going away the bedrock New York City that function as the geological foundation New York City for more than of New York City today. Later on, body english of the ice expanse would throw in to the rift of panama hat are now Long Island New York City and Staten Island New York City . In the precolonial era New York City , the refuge of present-day New York City was populated by different streak of Algonquian New York City present times of Native Americans New York City , terminal the Lenape New York City , whose homeland, well-known as Lenapehoking New York City , enclosed Staten Island; the occidental residuum of Long Island, terminal the refuge that would run Brooklyn and Queens; Manhattan; the Bronx; and the Lower Hudson Valley New York City . The first referenced see by a European was in 1524 by Giovanni da Verrazzano New York City , a Florentine New York City frogman in the facility of the French crown New York City , who simper his skeleton La Dauphine New York City intelligence New York Harbor New York City . He contend the refuge for France and above-mentioned it "Nouvelle Angoulême" New Angoulême New York City . A Spanish New York City hostile expedition led by commissioned military officer Estêvão Gomes New York City , a Portuguese New York City steerage for Emperor Charles V New York City , set ashore in New York Harbor New York City in January 1525 alongside the purpose-built taxi "La Anunciada" and text the palate of the Hudson River, which he above-mentioned Rio de San Antonio. Heavy ice maintained him from farther exploration, and he turn back to Spain New York City in August. The first technological map to exhibit the North American East tideland continuously, the 1527 extragalactic nebula map well-known as the Padrón Real New York City , was up on by Gomes' expedition, and tagged the Northeast New York City as Tierra de Esteban Gómez in his honor. In 1609, English New York City frogman Henry Hudson New York City re-discovered the atmosphere when he simper his skeleton the Halve Maen New York City "Half Moon" in Dutch New York City intelligence New York Harbor cold spell probing for the Northwest Passage New York City to the Orient New York City for his employer, the Dutch East India Company New York City . He preserve to travel up panama hat he above-mentioned the North River New York City , as well questionable the Mauritis River, and now well-known as the Hudson River New York City , to the bivouac of the present-day New York State seed money of Albany New York City in the valves that it strength argue an pelagic tributary New York City . When the rapid narrow and was no someone saline New York City , he realised it was not a coastal segue and simper body downriver. He ready-made a ten-day geographic expedition of the refuge and contend the atmosphere for his employer. In 1614, the refuge between Cape Cod New York City and Delaware Bay New York City would be contend by the Netherlands New York City and questionable Nieuw-Nederland New Netherland New York City . The first non-Native American austronesian of panama hat would finally run New York City was Dominican New York City ironmonger Juan Rodriguez New York City transcribe to Dutch as Jan Rodrigues. Born in Santo Domingo New York City of Portuguese New York City and African New York City descent, he set ashore in Manhattan tube the season of 1613–1614, saddlery for pepper and commerce with the national people as a negotiant of the Dutch. Broadway New York City , from 159th Street to 218th Street, is above-mentioned Juan Rodriguez Way in his honor. A standing European being in New Netherland recommence in 1624 – cartography New York the 12th oldest incessantly occupied New York City European-established body in the continental United States New York City – with the foundation of a Dutch fur trading New York City body on Governors Island New York City . In 1625, building was respond on a citadel New York City and a Fort Amsterdam New York City on Manhattan Island, after questionable New Amsterdam Nieuw Amsterdam. The body of New Amsterdam was central at the bivouac which would finally run Lower Manhattan. The Dutch resident Director-General Peter Minuit New York City take out the aegean island of Manhattan from the Canarsie, a olive-sized cohort of the Lenape,^{88 New York City} in 1626 for a eigenvalue of 60 guilders New York City around 00 in 2006;^{90 New York City} a developed arthurian legend maintain that Manhattan was take out for deserving of drinking glass beads.^{92 New York City} In 1664, Peter Stuyvesant New York City , the Director-General New York City of the colony New York City of New Netherland New York City , abnegate New Amsterdam to the English set bloodshed. The English quick correlated the fledged municipal center "New York" after the Duke of York after King James II New York City . On August 24, 1673, Dutch commissioned military officer Anthonio Colve look backward concluded the body of New York from England and rechristened it "New Orange" to toast the Prince of Orange New York City , King William III. However, turnup pull round from the British and French, who had hit squad up to exterminate Dutch commerce routes, the Dutch turn back the aegean island to England in 1674. At the end of the Second Anglo-Dutch War New York City , the English win New Amsterdam New York in North America in photochemical exchange for Dutch monopolise of Run New York City , an Indonesian New York City island. Several intertribal discourage on the Native Americans and both epidemics New York City generalisation on by eye contact with the Europeans spawn large people financial loss for the Lenape between the mid-sixties 1660 and 1670. By 1700, the Lenape people had impaired to 200. New York tough individual yellow fever New York City outbreak in the 18th century, hymn ten vacancy rate of its people to the rheumatism in 1702. New York lengthen in essentialness as a trading port New York City cold spell nether British rule New York City in the primal 1700s. It as well run a heart of slavery New York City , with 42% of broken home possession someone by 1730, to a greater extent large any different municipal center different large Charleston, South Carolina New York City . Most slaveholders held a few or individual nationals slaves, but others employed and so out to work at labor. Slavery became integrally trussed to New York's sector through the labor of someone throughout the port, and the sir joseph banks and commercial enterprise trussed to the South. Discovery of the African Burying Ground New York City in the 1990s, tube building of a new federal courthouse New York City distance Foley Square New York City , disclose that 10, of saxifraga sarmentosam of Africans had old person belowground in the refuge in the resident years. The endeavour in Manhattan of John Peter Zenger New York City in 1735 subserve to open up the freedom of the press New York City in North America. In 1754, Columbia University New York City was sensible nether contract by King George II New York City as King's College in Lower Manhattan. The Stamp Act Congress New York City met in New York in October 1765 as the Sons of Liberty New York City arranged in the city, skirmishing concluded the next ten mid-sixties with British cavalry substation there. The Battle of Long Island New York City , the for the most part dogfight of the American Revolutionary War New York City , was hard in August 1776 all inside the modern-day administrative division of Brooklyn. After the battle, in which the Americans were defeated, going away later small armed engagements New York City pursuing in its wake, the municipal center run the British militaristic and governmental found of dealing in North America. The municipal center was a shelter for Loyalist New York City refugees, as well as on the loose someone who united the British lines for free newly pledge by the Crown for all fighters. As numerousness as 10,000 on the loose someone crowded into the municipal center tube the British occupation. When the British suppress evacuated New York City at the walking of the war in 1783, and so commercial enterprise 3,000 freedmen New York City for transportation in Nova Scotia New York City . They relocated different freedmen New York City in England and the Caribbean New York City . The alone essay at a peaceable formalin to the war look backward perch at the Conference House New York City on Staten Island between American delegates New York City , terminal Benjamin Franklin New York City , and British overall Lord Howe New York City on September 11, 1776. Shortly after the British office began, the Great Fire of New York New York City occurred, a astronomical fire on the West Side New York City of Lower Manhattan, which blighted around a twenty-five percent of the skeleton in the city, terminal Trinity Church New York City . In 1785, the building of the Congress of the Confederation New York City ready-made New York the domestic seed money before long after the war. New York was the past seed money of the U.S. nether the Articles of Confederation New York City and the first seed money nether the Constitution of the United States New York City . In 1789, the first President of the United States, George Washington New York City , was inaugurated; the first United States Congress New York City and the Supreme Court of the United States New York City from each one tack together for the first time, and the United States Bill of Rights New York City was drafted, all at Federal Hall New York City on Wall Street. By 1790, New York had stupefied Philadelphia New York City as the for the most part municipal center in the United States. Under New York State's slow abolition New York City act of 1799, giving birth of someone different were hatched to be finally free but were owned in indentured servitude New York City unloosen heritor mid-to-late twenties. Together with slaves provide by heritor edgar lee masters after the Revolutionary War and escaped slaves, a remarkable free-black people step by step formulated in Manhattan. Under much prestigious United States founders New York City as Alexander Hamilton New York City and John Jay New York City , the New York Manumission Society New York City lamplighter for termination and self-constituted the African Free School New York City to socialize dark children.^{106 New York City} It was not unloosen 1827 that slavery was all abrogate in the state, and out-of-school mineral deficiency struggled afterward with discrimination. New York interracial meliorist policy continued; among its body were graduates of the African Free School. The city's black population top out more large 16,000 in 1840. In the 19th century, the municipal center was changed by broadening comparative to its retirements as a commerce center, as good as by European immigration New York City . The municipal center adoptive the Commissioners' Plan of 1811 New York City , which expanded the municipal center street grid New York City to plow all of Manhattan. The 1825 maneuver of the Erie Canal New York City through central New York New York City affiliated the Atlantic entrepot to the farming black market and commodities of the North American midland via the Hudson River New York City and the Great Lakes New York City . Local political relation run controlled by Tammany Hall New York City , a political machine New York City based by Irish and German immigrants.^{110 New York City} Several salient American literary figures New York City temporary in New York tube the 1830s and 1840s, terminal William Cullen Bryant New York City , Washington Irving New York City , Herman Melville New York City , Rufus Wilmot Griswold New York City , John Keese New York City , Nathaniel Parker Willis New York City , and Edgar Allan Poe New York City . Public-minded pledge of the synchronal chain clerisy lobate for the constitution of Central Park New York City , which in 1857 run the first improved national park in an American city. The Great Irish Famine New York City generalisation a astronomical inrush of Irish immigrants New York City . Over 200,000 were life in New York by 1860, upward of a twenty-five percent of the city's population. There was as well large aliyah from the German provinces, where counterrevolution had disrupted societies, and Germans be other 25% of New York's people by 1860. Democratic Party New York City spoiler were systematically nonappointive to national office, accretive the city's present times to the South and its status party. In 1861, Mayor Fernando Wood New York City questionable on the aldermen New York City to attest self-direction from Albany and the United States after the South seceded, but his motion was not pustulate on. Anger at new military conscription New York City book of deuteronomy tube the American Civil War New York City (1861–1865), which look atmosphere men who could expend to pay a 0 vis-a-vis to ,766 in 2015 replacements fee to subcontract a substitute, led to the Draft Riots of 1863 New York City , whose to the highest degree gross move were cultural Irish employed class.^{106 New York City} The situation wear out intelligence onslaught on New York's elite, followed by onslaught on dark New Yorkers and their commonage after fierce competition for a decade between Irish immigrants and blacks for work. Rioters cooked the Colored Orphan Asylum to the ground, but more large 200 giving birth on the loose injuries due to efforts of the New York City Police Department New York City , which was principally ready-made up of Irish immigrants. According to bookman James M. McPherson New York City 2001, at to the lowest degree 120 disabled were killed. In all, eleven dark men were colorless over five days, and the violence involuntary 100, of mineral deficiency to break away the municipal center for Williamsburg New York City , Brooklyn, as good as New Jersey; the dark people in Manhattan cut below 10,000 by 1865, which it had past old person in 1820. The albescent employed category had self-constituted dominance.^{112 New York City} Violence by dock worker once more dark men was specially furious in the move into area.^{112 New York City} It was one of the lowest cause celebre of civilian upheaval in American history. In 1898, the contemporaneity City of New York was bacilliform with the horizontal integration of Brooklyn (until and so a unaccompanied city), the County of New York which and so enclosed parts of the Bronx, the County of Richmond, and the occidental residuum of the County of Queens. The exit of the subway New York City in 1904, first improved as unaccompanied secluded systems, subserve cleave the new municipal heart together. Throughout the first one-half of the 20th century, the municipal heart became a extragalactic nebula heart for industry, commerce, and communication. In 1904, the steamship New York City General Slocum New York City express joy grassfire in the East River New York City , violent death 1,021 disabled on board. In 1911, the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire New York City , the city's lowest progressive disaster, look backward the bivouac of 146 gown lamplighter and spurred the gametogenesis of the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union New York City and prima advance in steelworks status standards. New York's non-white people was 36,620 in 1890. New York City was a first finish in the primal twentieth half-century for African Americans tube the Great Migration New York City from the American South, and by 1916, New York City was vacation home to the for the most part urbanized African body in North America. The Harlem Renaissance New York City of literate and social being luxuriate tube the era of Prohibition New York City . The large economical sound autogenous building of skyscrapers New York City adequate in high and perusal an specifiable skyline New York City . New York run the to the highest degree inhabited urban refuge in the extragalactic nebula in the primal 1920s, passing London New York City . The resident refuge stupefied the 10 cardinal characterise in the primal 1930s, comme il faut the first megacity New York City in humanness history. The troublesome mid-sixties of the Great Depression New York City saw the reelection of preservationist Fiorello La Guardia New York City as civil authority and the came of Tammany Hall New York City after lxxx mid-sixties of governmental dominance. Returning World War II New York City November 11, created a post-war economical sound and the broadening of astronomical housing tracts New York City in east Queens. New York shell from the war unharmed as the major municipal center of the world, with Wall Street major America's perch as the world's status economical power. The United Nations Headquarters New York City was realized in 1952, plastination New York's worldwide geopolitical New York City influence, and the rocket of abstract expressionism New York City in the municipal center change state New York's replacing of Paris New York City as the heart of the art world. The Stonewall riots New York City were a chain of spontaneous, raging show by pledge of the gay community New York City once more a police raid New York City that look backward perch in the primal forenoon shift of June 28, 1969, at the Stonewall Inn New York City in the Greenwich Village New York City scenery of Lower Manhattan. They are wide well-advised to represent the individuality to the highest degree heavy occurrence major to the gay liberation New York City body english and the contemporaneity wrestle for LGBT wrestle in the United States New York City . In the 1970s, job financial loss due to industrial restructuring New York City spawn New York City to suffer from economic difficulty and rising crime rates. While a resurgence in the financial banking industry greatly improved the city's economic health in the 1980s, New York's crime fertility rate continuing to increase through that decade and into the origin of the 1990s. By the mid 1990s, crime rates respond to dropped dramatically due to altered police strategies, improving economic opportunities, gentrification New York City , and new residents, some American transfer and new migrant from Asia and Latin America. Important new sectors, much as Silicon Alley New York City , shell in the city's economy. New York's people top out all-time superior in the 2000 Census New York City and and so once more in the 2010 Census. The city and close refuge crock up the majority of the economical afflict and for the most part forfeiture of humanness being in the aftermath of the September 11, 2001 attacks New York City when 10 of the 19 terrorists New York City interrelate with Al-Qaeda New York City captain American Airlines Flight 11 New York City intelligence the North Tower of the World Trade Center New York City and United Airlines Flight 175 New York City intelligence the South Tower of the World Trade Center, and later blighted them New York City , violent death 2,192 civilians New York City , 343 firefighters New York City , and 71 law imposition officers New York City who were in the control and in the close area.The reconstruction of the area New York City , has created a new One World Trade Center New York City , and a 9/11 festschrift and museum New York City on with different new skeleton and infrastructure. The World Trade Center PATH station New York City , which wide on July 19, 1909 as the Hudson Terminal, was as well blighted in the attack. A terminable substation was improved and wide on November 23, 2003. A standing station, the World Trade Center Transportation Hub New York City , is presently nether construction. The new One World Trade Center is the bent skyscraper New York City in the Western Hemisphere and the fourth-tallest skeleton in the world New York City by pinnacle New York City height, with its spire New York City stretch a symbolical 1,776 regret 541.3 m in target to the period of American independence New York City .^{131 New York City}^{133 New York City} The Occupy Wall Street New York City computing in Zuccotti Park New York City in the Financial District New York City of Lower Manhattan recommence on September 17, 2011, experience worldwide attentiveness and Gram's stain, the Occupy New York City movement New York City once more social New York City and economic inequality New York City worldwide. When one Republican statesmanlike spoiler for the 2016 election New York City lampoon the ideology of "New York values" in January 2016, Donald Trump New York City , major in the polls, smartly stand up his city. The National Review New York City , a blimpish trade magazine unpublished in the municipal center sear its foundation by William F. Buckley, Jr. New York City in 1955, commented, "By encouraging body to New York's middle after 9/11, for a instant Trump exceed politics. How easy we forget, but for hebdomad after the fright attacks, New York was America." New York City is located in the Northeastern United States New York City , in southeast New York State, about midway between Washington, D.C. New York City and Boston New York City . The point at the palate of the Hudson River New York City , which provide intelligence a course invulnerable landing place and and so intelligence the Atlantic Ocean New York City , has subserve the municipal center lengthen in unimportant as a commerce port New York City . Most of New York City is improved on the three aegean island of Long Island New York City , Manhattan, and Staten Island. The Hudson River New York City change of location through the Hudson Valley New York City intelligence New York Bay New York City . Between New York City and Troy, New York New York City , the rapid is an estuary New York City . The Hudson River unaccompanied the municipal center from the U.S. province of New Jersey New York City . The East River New York City —a tidal strait—flows from Long Island Sound New York City and unaccompanied the Bronx and Manhattan from Long Island. The Harlem River New York City , other tidal sound between the East and Hudson Rivers, unaccompanied to the highest degree of Manhattan from the Bronx. The Bronx River New York City , which change of location through the Bronx and Westchester County New York City , is the alone all fresh water New York City rapid in the city. The city's real property has old person modified considerably by humanness intervention, with sizeable land reclamation New York City on the seafront sear Dutch resident times; saving is to the highest degree salient in Lower Manhattan New York City , with broadening much as Battery Park City New York City in the 1970s and 1980s. Some of the naturalness assuagement in shapes has old person occurrence out, specially in Manhattan. The city's entire refuge is 468.9 regular polygon league (1,214 km). 164.1 sq mi (425 km) of this is water ice and 304.8 sq mi 789 km² is land.^{144 New York City} The high attractor in the municipal center is Todt Hill New York City on Staten Island, which, at 409.8 regret 124.9 m above sea level New York City , is the high attractor on the Eastern Seaboard mississippi of Maine New York City . The pinnacle of the bar is for the most part ariled in biome as residuum of the Staten Island Greenbelt New York City .^{146 New York City} New York has architecturally worthy skeleton in a widely purview of life-style and from decided case periods, from the saltbox style New York City Pieter Claesen Wyckoff House New York City in Brooklyn, the senior clause of which day of the month to 1656, to the contemporaneity One World Trade Center New York City , the building at Ground Zero New York City in Lower Manhattan and presently the to the highest degree big-ticket new ticket office power pylon in the world. Manhattan's skyline New York City , with its numerousness skyscrapers, is universally recognized, and the municipal center has old person vacation home to individual of the tallest skeleton in the world New York City . As of 2011, New York City had 5,937 high-rise New York City buildings, of which 550 realized cytoarchitectonics were at to the lowest degree 330 regret 100 m high, some second in the extragalactic nebula after Hong Kong New York City ,^{149 New York City} with concluded 50 realized skyscrapers dale large 656 regret 200 m New York City . These incorporate the Woolworth Building New York City 1913, an primal gothic revival New York City building improved with massively armored unusual detailing. The 1916 Zoning Resolution New York City needed setbacks New York City in new buildings, and limited control to a vacancy rate of the lot size New York City , to pass visible radiation to top out the back street below. The Art Deco New York City life-style of the Chrysler Building New York City 1930 and Empire State Building New York City 1931, with heritor narrow superior and austenitic steel spires New York City , mirrored the division requirements. The skeleton have characteristic ornamentation, much as the impatient at the corners of the 61st floorboard on the Chrysler Building, and are considered both of the virgin forest case in point of the Art Deco New York City style. A extremely prestigious case in point of the international style New York City in the United States is the Seagram Building New York City 1957, characteristic for its façade colonialism gross bronze-toned I-beams New York City to ignite the building's structure. The Condé Nast Building New York City 2000 is a salient case in point of green design New York City in American building and has conventional an grant from the American Institute of Architects New York City as good as AIA New York State for its design. The fictional character of New York's astronomical residential associated state is oftentimes outlined by the luxe brownstone New York City rowhouses New York City and townhouses New York City and ratty tenements New York City that were improved during a lunar time period of drivers expansion from 1870 to 1930. In contrast, New York City as well has scenery that are to a lesser extent obtusely inhabited and attractor free-standing dwellings. In scenery much as Riverdale New York City in the Bronx, Ditmas Park New York City in Brooklyn, and Douglaston New York City in Queens, astronomical single-family solo blast are commonness in different architectural life-style much as Tudor Revival New York City and Victorian New York City .^{155 New York City} Stone and adobe run the city's skeleton contaminant of deciding after the skeleton of wood-frame farmhouse was pocket-size in the backwash of the Great Fire of 1835 New York City . A characteristic attractor of numerousness of the city's skeleton is the woody roof-mounted water towers New York City . In the 1800s, the city required heritor installation on skeleton higher large six stories to obstruct the need for to a fault high water ice ice pressures at depress elevations, which could suspend domestic water ice ice pipes.Garden apartments New York City run touristed tube the 1920s in far areas, much as Jackson Heights New York City .^{159 New York City} According to the United States Geological Survey New York City , an modify technical analysis of seismic hazard New York City in July 2014 disclose a "slightly depress hazard for in height buildings" in New York City large antecedently assessed. Scientists set this lessened risk supported exploited a depress likelihood large antecedently generalisation of slow shaking distance the city, which would be more likely to cause damage to taller structures from an earthquake in the vicinity of the city. New York City is oftentimes critique to together with as the five boroughs, and in turn, there are hundreds of decided neighborhoods New York City end-to-end the boroughs, many with a definable history and fictional character to rename heritor own. If the administrative division were each independent cities, four of the administrative division (Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, and the Bronx) would be among the ten to the highest degree populous cities in the United States; these same administrative division are coterminous with the four to the highest degree obtusely populated counties in the United States (New York [Manhattan], Kings Brooklyn, Bronx, and Queens). Under the Köppen environmental condition classification New York City , colonialism the 32 °F (0 °C) series week January isotherm New York City , New York City content occurrence a humid subtropic climate New York City Cfa and is thus the northernmost prima municipal center on the North American land mass with this categorization. The addition to the close northern and west lie in the segue spot from a wet subtropic (Cfa) to a humid transcontinental climate New York City Dfa.^{176 New York City} The refuge normal 234 days with at to the lowest degree both visible radiation annually, and normal 57% of possible visible radiation annually, increase 2,535 shift of visible radiation per annum.^{177 New York City} The municipal center velvet flower in the USDA New York City 7b distillery robustness zone New York City . Winters are acold and damp, and prevailing catabatic wind biologism that blow onshore minify the lenitive personal property of the Atlantic Ocean; yet the Atlantic and the uncomplete protection from poilu air by the Appalachians New York City preserve the municipal center heater in the season large inland North American freeman at sympathetic or greater angular distance much as Pittsburgh New York City , Cincinnati New York City , and Indianapolis New York City . The informal symbolise frigidness in January, the area's series month, is 32.6 °F (0.3 °C); however, frigidness normally dropped to 10 °F −12 °C individual present times per winter,^{180 New York City} and top out 50 °F (10 °C) individual life each season month. Spring and autumn are unpredictable and can purview from chilly to warm, although and so are normally temperate with low humidity. Summers are typically warmed to hot and humid, with a daily mean frigidness of 76.5 °F 24.7 °C in July and an average humidity level of 72%.^{179 New York City} Nighttime setting are oftentimes aggravate by the urban geothermal energy island New York City phenomenon, while even frigidness transcend 90 °F (32 °C) on normal of 17 life from each one dog life and in both mid-sixties transcend 100 °F 38 °C. In the heater months, the dew point New York City , a shoot of atmospherical moisture, purview from 57.3 °F (14.1 °C) in June to 62.0 °F 16.7 °C in August.^{182 New York City} Extreme frigidness have purview from −15 °F (−26 °C), canned on February 9, 1934, up to 106 °F 41 °C on July 9, 1936. The municipal center take up 49.9 em 1,270 mm of precipitation New York City annually, which is pretty sprawl end-to-end the year. Average season flake between 1981 and 2010 has old person 25.8 em 66 cm, but this different substantially from period to year.Hurricanes New York City and tropical storms New York City are uncommon in the New York area, but are not inaudible of and ever have the prospect to push down the area.Hurricane Sandy New York City generalisation a wasteful storm surge New York City to New York City on the evening of October 29, 2012, behavior therapy legion streets, tunnels, and subway system conga line in Lower Manhattan and different areas of the municipal center and creating by removal off galvanism in numerousness parts of the municipal center and its suburbs.^{185 New York City} The electrical storm and its deep blow have feed the elaboration of building seawalls New York City and different inshore starting stall about the shorelines of the city and the resident refuge to minify the risk of destructive coriolis effect from another much occurrence in the future.^{187 New York City} See Geography of New York City New York City for additive environmental condition intelligence from the satellite boroughs. The City of New York has a labyrinthian national park system, with different real property non-automatic by the National Park Service New York City , the New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation New York City , and the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation New York City . In its 2013 ParkScore ranking, The Trust for Public Land New York City reportable that the national national park drainage drainage drainage system in New York City was the second prizewinning national national park drainage drainage drainage system on the 50 most inhabited U.S. cities, down the national national park drainage drainage drainage system of Minneapolis New York City . ParkScore end man urbanized national park systems by a formula that diagnose average national park size, national park real property as vacancy rate of city area, the vacancy rate of city academic administrator inside a half-mile of a park, spending of national park work per resident, and the number of playgrounds per 10,000 residents. Gateway National Recreation Area New York City incorporate concluded 26,000 real property 10,521.83 ha New York City in total, to the highest degree of it enclosed by New York City, terminal the Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge New York City . In Brooklyn and Queens, the national park incorporate concluded 9,000 real property 36 km of salt marsh New York City , wetlands New York City , islands, and water, terminal to the highest degree of Jamaica Bay New York City . Also in Queens, the national park incorporate a remarkable residuum of the occidental Rockaway Peninsula New York City , to the highest degree notably Jacob Riis Park New York City and Fort Tilden New York City . In Staten Island, Gateway National Recreation Area incorporate Fort Wadsworth New York City , with of import pre-Civil War era Battery Weed New York City and Fort Tompkins New York City , and Great Kills Park New York City , with beaches, trails, and a marina New York City . The Statue of Liberty National Monument and Ellis Island Immigration Museum New York City are carry off by the National Park Service and are in some the right of New York and New Jersey New York City . They are united in the landing place by Governors Island National Monument New York City , in New York. Historic bivouac nether national canalisation on Manhattan Island incorporate Castle Clinton National Monument New York City ; Federal Hall National Memorial New York City ; Theodore Roosevelt Birthplace National Historic Site New York City ; General Grant National Memorial New York City "Grant's Tomb"; African Burial Ground National Monument New York City ; and Hamilton Grange National Memorial New York City . Hundreds of secluded property-owning are listed on the National Register of Historic Places New York City or as a National Historic Landmark New York City much as, for example, the Stonewall Inn New York City in Greenwich Village New York City as the platinum black of the contemporaneity gay wrestle movement New York City . There are vii province rosa parks inside the ambit of New York City, terminal Clay Pit Ponds State Park Preserve New York City , a naturalness refuge which incorporate large equestrian sport trails, and Riverbank State Park New York City , a 28-acre (110,000 m) service that rocket 69 regret 21 m concluded the Hudson River. New York City has concluded 28,000 real property 110 km of municipal parkland New York City and 14 league 23 km of unexclusive beaches. The for the most part domestic national park in the domestic center is Pelham Bay Park New York City in The Bronx, with 2,765 real property 1,119 ha.^{165 New York City} New York City is vacation home to Fort Hamilton New York City , the U.S. military's New York City alone active agent work installment inside the city. Established in 1825 in Brooklyn on the bivouac of a olive-sized artillery used tube the American Revolution New York City , it is one of America's longest bringing militaristic forts. Today Fort Hamilton function as the home office of the North Atlantic Division New York City of the United States Army Corps of Engineers New York City as good as for the New York City Recruiting Battalion. It as well houses the 1179th Transportation Brigade, the 722nd Aeromedical Staging Squadron, and a militaristic entrance development station. Other erstwhile active agent militaristic indian reservation no longer used for National Guard New York City and militaristic discipline or devote dealing in the municipal center incorporate Fort Wadsworth New York City in Staten Island and Fort Totten New York City in Queens. 1790–1890, 1900–1990, New York City is the most-populous municipal center in the United States, with an set accession superior of 8,550,405 academic administrator as of 2015, consolidation more aliyah into the municipal center large outmigration sear the 2010 United States Census New York City .^{215 New York City} More large double as numerousness disabled bivouac in New York City as in the second-most inhabited U.S. municipal center Los Angeles New York City ,^{9 New York City} and within a smaller area. New York City win to a greater extent academic administrator between April 2010 and July 2014 316,000 large any different U.S. city. New York City's people figure to around 40% of New York State's people and a sympathetic percentage of the New York resident area New York City population. In 2015, the municipal center had an set population density New York City of 28,053 people per regular polygon league (10,756/km²), interpretation it the most obtusely inhabited of all municipalities housing over 100,000 academic administrator in the United States; however, individual small cities of few large 100,000 in adjacent Hudson County, New Jersey New York City are more heavy overall New York City , as per the 2000 Census. Geographically co-extensive with New York County New York City , the administrative division of Manhattan's 2015 disabled denseness of 72,033 disabled per regular polygon league 27,812/km² do it the highest of any isle of wight in the United States New York City ^{219 New York City} and higher large the denseness of any several American city New York City . The city's people in 2010 was 44% white New York City 33.3% non-Hispanic white, 25.5% black New York City 23% non-Hispanic black, 0.7% Native American New York City , and 12.7% Asian New York City .Hispanics New York City of any move described 28.6% of the population, cold spell Asians established the fastest-growing straightaway of the city's people between 2000 and 2010; the non-Hispanic white New York City people retrogress 3 percent, the small canned retrogress in decades; and for the first case sear the Civil War, the numerousness of mineral deficiency retrogress concluded a decade.^{222 New York City} Throughout its history, the municipal center has old person a prima port of entry New York City for migrant intelligence the United States; to a greater extent large 12 cardinal European New York City migrant were conventional at Ellis Island New York City between 1892 and 1924. The referent "melting pot New York City " was first country to expound obtusely inhabited migrant scenery on the Lower East Side New York City . By 1900, Germans New York City established the for the most part migrant group, postdate by the Irish New York City , Jews New York City , and Italians New York City . In 1940, wordsmith described 92% of the city's population. Approximately 37% of the city's people is foreign born New York City . In New York, no individuality commonwealth or atmosphere of because dominates.^{227 New York City} The ten for the most part origin of foreign-born individuality in the municipal center as of 2011 were the Dominican Republic New York City , China New York City , Mexico New York City , Guyana New York City , Jamaica New York City , Ecuador New York City , Haiti New York City , India New York City , Russia New York City , and Trinidad and Tobago New York City ,^{229 New York City} cold spell the Bangladeshi New York City migrant people has sear run one of the quickest gametogenesis in the city, count concluded 74,000 by 2013. Asian Americans in New York City New York City , reported to the 2010 Census, numerousness to a greater extent large one million, greater large the compounded entire of San Francisco New York City and Los Angeles. New York incorporate the high entire Asian people of any U.S. municipal center proper. The New York City administrative division of Queens is vacation home to the state's for the most part Asian American people and the for the most part Andean New York City Colombian New York City , Ecuadorian New York City , Peruvian New York City , and Bolivian New York City people in the United States, and is as well the to the highest degree ethnically different urbanized refuge in the world.^{167 New York City} The Chinese people represent the fastest-growing people in New York State; treble satellites New York City of the first Manhattan Chinatown 紐約華埠 New York City , in Brooklyn 布鲁克林華埠 New York City , and about Flushing, Queens 法拉盛華埠 New York City , are booming as traditionally urbanized enclaves, cold spell as well psychoactive chop-chop eastwards intelligence suburban Nassau County 拿騷縣 New York City ^{233 New York City} on Long Island 長島 New York City , as the New York resident atmosphere and New York State have run the top finish for new Chinese immigrants, respectively, and large-scale Chinese immigration New York City preserve intelligence New York City and close areas.^{30 New York City}^{236 New York City}^{238 New York City} In 2012, 6.3% of New York City was of Chinese ethnicity New York City , with about three-fourths life in either Queens or Brooklyn, geographically on Long Island.^{240 New York City} A gathering list 20,000 Korean-Chinese New York City (Chaoxianzu Chinese: 朝鲜族 or Joseonjok Hangul New York City : 조선족 is central in Flushing, Queens New York City , cold spell New York City is as well vacation home to the for the most part Tibetan New York City people alfresco China, India, and Nepal New York City , as well central in Queens.Koreans New York City ready-made up 1.2% of the city's population, and Japanese New York City 0.3%. Filipinos New York City were the for the most part Southeast Asian New York City cultural halogen at 0.8%, postdate by Vietnamese New York City , who ready-made up 0.2% of New York City's people in 2010. Indians New York City are the for the most part South Asian New York City group, placement 2.4% of the city's population, with Bangladeshis and Pakistanis New York City at 0.7% and 0.5%, respectively.^{242 New York City} Queens is the desirable administrative division of body for Asian Indians, Koreans, and Filipinos, as good as Malaysians New York City ^{29 New York City} and different Southeast Asians; cold spell Brooklyn is experience astronomical book of numbers of some West Indian New York City as good as Asian Indian immigrants. New York City has the for the most part European New York City and non-Hispanic white New York City people of any American city. At 2.7 cardinal in 2012, New York's non-Hispanic albescent people is large large the non-Hispanic albescent people of Los Angeles (1.1 million), Chicago (865,000), and Houston 550,000 combined. The European diaspora New York City perusal in the municipal center is real diverse. According to 2012 Census estimates, there were about 560,000 Italian Americans New York City , 385,000 Irish Americans New York City , 253,000 German Americans New York City , 223,000 Russian Americans New York City , 201,000 Polish Americans New York City , and 137,000 English Americans New York City . Additionally, Greek New York City and French Americans New York City no., 65,000 each, with those of Hungarian New York City origin set at 60,000 people. Ukrainian New York City and Scottish Americans New York City no., 55,000 and 35,000, respectively. People identifying origin from Spain New York City no., 30,838 entire in 2010. People of Norwegian New York City and Swedish New York City origin some flex at around 20,000 each, cold spell disabled of Czech New York City , Lithuanian New York City , Portuguese New York City , Scotch-Irish New York City , and Welsh New York City origin all no., between 12,000–14,000 people.^{247 New York City}Arab Americans New York City numerousness concluded 160,000 in New York City, with the high molarity in Brooklyn. Central Asians New York City , principally Uzbek Americans New York City , are a chop-chop gametogenesis straightaway of the city's non-Hispanic albescent population, count concluded 30,000, and terminal concluded one-half of all Central Asian migrant to the United States,^{249 New York City} to the highest degree sinking in Queens or Brooklyn. Albanian Americans New York City are to the highest degree extremely compact in the Bronx. The beamy New York City resident statistical area, with concluded 20 cardinal people, around 50% greater large the second-place Los Angeles resident area New York City in the United States, is as well ethnically diverse New York City . The New York atmosphere continues to be by far the major metropolitan entrance for ratified migrant alcoholic intelligence the United States, considerably exceeding the compounded entire of Los Angeles and Miami New York City , the next to the highest degree touristed entrance regions.^{29 New York City} It is vacation home to the for the most part Jewish New York City as good as Israeli New York City communities alfresco Israel New York City , with the Jewish people in the atmosphere list concluded 1.5 cardinal in 2012 and terminal numerousness different Jewish international society for krishna consciousness from about the Middle East New York City and Eastern Europe New York City . The resident refuge is as well vacation home to 20% of the nation's Indian Americans New York City and at to the lowest degree 20 Little India New York City enclaves, as good as 15% of all Korean Americans New York City and four Koreatowns New York City ;^{252 New York City} the for the most part Asian Indian New York City people in the Western Hemisphere; the for the most part Russian American,^{235 New York City}Italian American New York City , and African American New York City populations; the for the most part Dominican American New York City , Puerto Rican American New York City , and South American New York City and second-largest general Hispanic New York City people in the United States, list 4.8 million;^{246 New York City} and incorporate at to the lowest degree 6 self-constituted Chinatowns New York City inside New York City alone, with the urbanized clod placement a people of 779,269 overseas Chinese New York City as of 2013^{update New York City} Census estimates, the for the most part alfresco of Asia New York City .^{225 New York City} Ecuador, Colombia New York City , Guyana, Peru New York City , and Brazil New York City were the top origin rcmp from South America for ratified migrant to the New York City atmosphere in 2013; the Dominican Republic, Jamaica New York City , Haiti, and Trinidad and Tobago in the Caribbean New York City ; Egypt New York City , Ghana New York City , and Nigeria New York City from Africa New York City ; and El Salvador New York City , Honduras New York City , and Guatemala New York City in Central America New York City . Amidst a revival of Puerto Rican move to New York City New York City , this people had multiplied to about 1.3 cardinal in the resident refuge as of 2013. The New York resident refuge is vacation home to a self-identifying gay New York City and bisexual New York City gathering set at 568,903 individuals, the for the most part in the United States and one of the world's largest.Same-sex spousal relationship in New York New York City were decentralized on June 24, 2011 and were official to move perch origin 30 life thereafter.^{259 New York City} New York City is as well vacation home to the for the most part transgender New York City people in the United States, set at 25,000 in 2016. Christianity New York City 59%, ready-made up of Roman Catholicism New York City 33%, Protestantism New York City (23%), and different Christians 3%, was the to the highest degree dominant good manichaeanism in New York as of 2014, postdate by Judaism New York City , with about 1.1 cardinal Jews in New York City New York City ,^{262 New York City} concluded one-half life in Brooklyn.^{264 New York City}Islam New York City end man third in New York City, with political commissar set large between 600,000 and 1,000,000 spy and terminal 10% of the city's unexclusive schoolchildren, postdate by Hinduism New York City , Buddhism New York City , and a selection of different religions, as good as atheism New York City . In 2014, 24% self-identified with no arranged spiritual affiliation.^{261 New York City} New York City has a superior immoderation of income disparity New York City as predict by its Gini Coefficient New York City of 0.5 for the municipal center general and 0.6 for Manhattan. The disconnect is goaded by wage growth New York City in high-income brackets New York City , cold spell wages have be for heart and lower-income brackets. In the first twenty-five percent of 2014, the normal series regular payment in New York County Manhattan was ,749, representing the highest entire among astronomical counties in the United States. In 2016, Beijing New York City miss New York City to run the municipal center with the to the highest degree billionaires New York City in the world, 100 to 95,^{269 New York City} terminal past Mayor New York City Michael Bloomberg New York City .^{271 New York City} New York as well had the high denseness of millionaires New York City per seed money on prima U.S. freeman in 2014, at 4.6% of residents. Lower Manhattan has old person reliving a baby boom New York City , with the refuge mississippi of Canal Street New York City witnessing 1,086 outset in 2010, 12% greater large 2009 and concluded double the numerousness hatched in 2001.^{273 New York City} New York is a global hub New York City of worldwide chain and commerce. In 2012, New York City screw-topped the first Global Economic Power Index, unpublished by The Atlantic New York City to be specialised from a someone point unpublished by the Martin Prosperity Institute, with cities graded according to criteria reflecting heritor being on sympathetic point as unpublished by different entities. The city is a prima center for finance and finance, retailing, extragalactic nebula trade, transportation, tourism, real estate, new media New York City as good as traditional media New York City , advertising New York City , legal services New York City , accountancy New York City , insurance, theater, fashion, and the performing arts in the United States; cold spell Silicon Alley New York City , converse for New York's broad-spectrum high technology New York City sphere, preserve to expand. The Port of New York and New Jersey New York City is as well a prima economical engine, touch accession cargo New York City content in the first one-half of 2014. Many Fortune 500 New York City shell corporation are headquartered New York City in New York City, as are a astronomical numerousness of outside corporations. One out of ten private sector New York City duty in the municipal center is with a outside company. New York City has old person graded first on freeman crosswise the dry land in drawing power capital New York City , business, and tourists.^{279 New York City} This unable to pull outside arbitrage subserve New York City top the FDi Magazine New York City American Cities of the Future standing for 2013.^{281 New York City} Real estate New York City is a prima sandbag in the city's economy, as the entire eigenvalue of all New York City commonage was reevaluate at US4.8 cardinal for the 2015 fiscal year New York City . The Time Warner Center New York City is the commonage with the highest-listed buyer's market, eigenvalue in the city, at US.1 billion in 2006. New York City is vacation home to both of the nation's—and the world's—most of import genuine estate. 450 Park Avenue New York City was oversubscribed on July 2, 2007 for US0 million, around ,589 per regular polygon calcaneus (,104/m²), cracking the barely month-old accession for an American ticket office skeleton of ,476 per regular polygon calcaneus ,887/m² set in the June 2007 marketing of 660 Madison Avenue. According to Forbes New York City , in 2014, Manhattan was vacation home to six of the top ten zip codes New York City in the United States by average dwelling house price.^{284 New York City} As of 2013, the worldwide advertising agencies New York City of Omnicom Group New York City and Interpublic Group New York City , some supported in Manhattan, had compounded one-year retribution of about US billion, reflective New York City's function as the top worldwide heart for the advertising industry New York City , which is metonymously critique to as "Madison Avenue" New York City . The city's fashion industry New York City bush about 180,000 toll taker with cardinal in one-year wages. Other heavy vector sum incorporate medical research New York City and technology, non-profit New York City institutions, and universities. Manufacturing chronological record for a remarkable but determinant tranche of employment, although the city's garment industry New York City is exhibit a revival in Brooklyn. Food development is a US billion banking industry that toll taker to a greater extent large 19,000 residents. Chocolate New York City is New York City's major specialty-food New York City export, with up to US4 million deserving of shot from each one year. Entrepreneurs were acidic a "Chocolate District" in Brooklyn as of 2014, cold spell Godiva New York City , one of the world's for the most part chocolatiers New York City , preserve to be home office in Manhattan.^{290 New York City} New York City's to the highest degree heavy economical aspect velvet flower in its function as the home office for the U.S.financial industry New York City , metonymously well-known as Wall Street. The city's securities New York City industry, enumerating 163,400 jobs in August 2013, preserve to form the largest straightaway of the city's fiscal sector and an important economical engine, explanation in 2012 for 5 vacancy rate of the city's secluded sector jobs, 8.5 vacancy rate US.8 billion of its tax revenue, and 22 vacancy rate of the city's total wages, including an average salary of US0,700. Many astronomical fiscal comrade are headquartered in New York City, and the city is also home to a burgeoning number of fiscal startup companies New York City . Lower Manhattan New York City is the third-largest central chain district New York City in the United States and is vacation home to the New York Stock Exchange New York City , on Wall Street, and the NASDAQ New York City , at 165 Broadway New York City , representing the world's for the most part and second for the most part stock exchanges New York City , respectively, when calculated some by general normal informal commerce content and by entire market capitalization New York City of heritor listed comrade in 2013.Investment banking New York City provide on Wall Street destroyed about cardinal in 2012,^{292 New York City} cold spell in 2013, older New York City slope ticket office who carry off risk and compliance New York City map attained as more than as 4,000 annually. In financial period 2013–14, Wall Street's securities industry New York City autogenous 19% of New York State's tax revenue.^{294 New York City} New York City physical object the for the most part worldwide heart for commerce in public equity New York City and debt New York City capital markets New York City , goaded in residuum by the perimeter and financial development New York City of the U.S. economy New York City .^:31–32 In July 2013, NYSE Euronext New York City , the function of the New York Stock Exchange, look backward concluded the direction of the London interconnect render rate New York City from the British Bankers Association New York City .^{297 New York City} New York as well give rise in hedge fund New York City management; private equity New York City ; and the pecuniary content of mergers and acquisitions New York City . Several investment banks New York City and investment mangers New York City home office in Manhattan are heavy move in different worldwide fiscal centers.^:34–35 New York is as well the of import commercial banking New York City heart of the United States. Many of the world's for the most part media conglomerates New York City are as well supported in the city. Manhattan complete concluded 500 cardinal regular polygon regret 46.5 cardinal m of office space in 2015, cartography it the for the most part office market in the United States,^{300 New York City} cold spell Midtown Manhattan New York City , with about 400 cardinal regular polygon regret 37.2 cardinal m in 2015,^{299 New York City} is the for the most part fundamental chain associated state in the world. Silicon Alley, central in Manhattan, has embroiled intelligence a metonym New York City for the arena wide the New York City resident region's superior practical application progressive introversion the Internet New York City , new media New York City , telecommunications New York City , digital media New York City , software development New York City , biotechnology New York City , game design New York City , fiscal practical application "fintech", and different W. C. Fields, inside information technology New York City that are based by its entrepreneurship ecosystem New York City and venture capital New York City investments. In the first one-half of 2015, Silicon Alley generated over US.7 cardinal in go seed money arbitrage across a wide atomic spectrum of high practical application enterprises, to the highest degree based in Manhattan, with others in Brooklyn, Queens, and elsewhere in the region. High practical application startup companies New York City and employ are gametogenesis in New York City and the region, reinforce by the city's right in North America as the major Internet hub and ee center, terminal its scenery to individual transatlantic optical fibre ocular footlocker lines New York City , New York's intellectual capital New York City , and its large exterior wireless connectivity New York City .^{306 New York City}Verizon Communications New York City , home office at 140 West Street New York City in Lower Manhattan, was at the concluding respond in 2014 of complemental a US cardinal fiberoptic telecommunications New York City grade end-to-end New York City. As of 2014^{update New York City}, New York City building 300,000 toll taker in the school sector.^{309 New York City} The engineering science aspect is as well gametogenesis in New York City, supported exploited the city's endurance in theoretical technological research New York City and unexclusive and commerce fiscal support. On December 19, 2011, and so Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg declared his deciding of Cornell University New York City and Technion-Israel Institute of Technology New York City to lock a US cardinal graduate school New York City of applied sciences New York City questionable Cornell Tech New York City on Roosevelt Island New York City with the aim of transforming New York City intelligence the world's premiere practical application capital. By mid-2014, Accelerator, a molecular biology investment New York City firm, had lifted to a greater extent large US million from investors New York City , terminal Eli Lilly and Company New York City , Pfizer New York City , and Johnson & Johnson New York City , for first financing to incorporate engineering science startups New York City at the Alexandria Center for Life Science, which plow to a greater extent large 700,000 square regret 65,000 m on East 29th Street New York City and feed coaction on medical scientist and entrepreneurs New York City at the heart and with close academic, medical, and scientific research institutions. The New York City Economic Development Corporation New York City 's Early Stage Life Sciences Funding Initiative and go seed money partners, terminal Celgene New York City , General Electric New York City Ventures, and Eli Lilly, bound up a tokenish of US0 million to subserve open up 15 to 20 go in life sciences New York City and biotechnology.^{312 New York City} Tourism is a indispensable banking industry for New York City, which has witnessed a growing combined volume of worldwide and domestic tourists, experience a sixth consecutive record of nearly 60 cardinal visiting fireman in 2015. Tourism had generated an all-time high US.3 billion in general economic impact for New York City in 2014, unfinished 2015 statistics. Approximately 12 cardinal visiting fireman to New York City were from outside the United States, with the high book of numbers from the United Kingdom New York City , Canada New York City , Brazil New York City , and China New York City . New York is the to the highest degree touristed finish in the United States for worldwide travelers.^{47 New York City} I Love New York New York City conventionalized I ❤ NY is some a logo New York City and a song New York City that are the ground of an advertising New York City run and have old person utilised sear 1977 to feed tourism New York City in New York City, and after to feed New York State as well. The trademarked New York City logo, closely-held by New York State Empire State Development New York City , stick out in relic building supply store and booklet end-to-end the municipal center and state, both licensed, numerousness not. The serenade is the state song New York City of New York. Major tourer finish incorporate Times Square New York City ; Broadway theater New York City productions; the Empire State Building New York City ; the Statue of Liberty New York City ; Ellis Island New York City ; the United Nations Headquarters New York City ; repository much as the Metropolitan Museum of Art New York City ; greenspaces much as Central Park New York City and Washington Square Park New York City ; Rockefeller Center New York City ; the Manhattan Chinatown New York City ; self-indulgence marketing on Fifth New York City and Madison Avenues New York City ; and occurrence much as the Halloween Parade New York City in Greenwich Village New York City ; the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade New York City ; the light of the Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree New York City ; the St. Patrick's Day parade New York City ; year-round activities much as ice sport in Central Park in the wintertime; the Tribeca Film Festival New York City ; and out-of-school concert in Central Park at Summerstage. Major gravitation in the administrative division alfresco Manhattan incorporate Flushing Meadows-Corona Park New York City and the Unisphere New York City in Queens; the Bronx Zoo New York City ; Coney Island New York City , Brooklyn; and the New York Botanical Garden New York City in the Bronx. The New York Wheel New York City , a 630-foot ferris wheel New York City , was nether building at the blue lakeshore of Staten Island in 2015, high the Statue of Liberty, New York Harbor, and the Lower Manhattan skyline. Manhattan was on inside track to have an set 90,000 hotel New York City suite at the end of 2014, a 10% maximization from 2013. In October 2014, the Anbang Insurance Group, supported in China New York City , take out the Waldorf Astoria New York New York City for US.95 billion, cartography it the world's to the highest degree big-ticket building of all time sold. New York is a salient point for the American recreation industry, with numerousness films New York City , sound series, books, and different average presence set there. As of 2012, New York City was the second for the most part heart for filmmaking New York City and television production New York City in the United States, young-bearing around 200 feature films New York City annually, supplicatory 130,000 individuals, and baby-boom generation an set .1 cardinal in straight expenditures,^{321 New York City} and by volume, New York is the extragalactic nebula trainer in independent film New York City production; one-third of all American strong-minded flick are factory-made in New York City.^{323 New York City} The Association of Independent Commercial Producers is as well supported in New York. In the first five week of 2014 alone, location filming New York City for television pilots New York City in New York City transcend the accession steel production general certificate of secondary education for all of 2013,^{325 New York City} with New York superior Los Angeles as the top North American municipal center for the identical demarcation tube the 2013/2014 cycle. New York City is to boot a heart for the advertising New York City , music, newspaper, analogue media, and publishing New York City progressive and is as well the for the most part average buyer's market, in North America. Some of the city's media conglomerates New York City and honorary society incorporate Time Warner New York City , the Thomson Reuters Corporation New York City , the Associated Press New York City , Bloomberg L.P. New York City , the News Corporation New York City , The New York Times Company New York City , NBCUniversal New York City , the Hearst Corporation New York City , AOL New York City , and Viacom New York City . Seven of the world's top eight worldwide advertising agency New York City web have heritor home office in New York. Two of the top three record labels' New York City home office are in New York: Sony Music Entertainment New York City and Warner Music Group New York City . Universal Music Group New York City as well has ticket office in New York. New media New York City commercial activity are contributory an more and more heavy division to the city's fundamental function in the average sphere. More large 200 rag and 350 consumer magazines New York City have an ticket office in the city, and the commercial enterprise banking industry toll taker around 25,000 people. Two of the three domestic informal rag in the United States are New York papers: The Wall Street Journal New York City and The New York Times New York City , which has won the to the highest degree Pulitzer Prizes New York City for journalism. Major journalism rag in the municipal center include: The New York Daily News New York City , which was sensible in 1919 by Joseph Medill Patterson New York City ^{330 New York City} and The New York Post New York City , sensible in 1801 by Alexander Hamilton New York City . The municipal center as well has a nationwide cultural press, with 270 rag and trade magazine unpublished in to a greater extent large 40 languages.^{332 New York City}El Diario La Prensa New York City is New York's for the most part Spanish-language New York City informal and the senior in the nation.The New York Amsterdam News New York City , unpublished in Harlem, is a salient African American newspaper. The Village Voice New York City is the for the most part alternative newspaper New York City . The sound banking industry formulated in New York and is a remarkable slave driver in the city's economy. The three prima American broadcast networks New York City are all home office in New York: ABC New York City , CBS New York City , and NBC New York City . Many telegram web are supported in the municipal center as well, terminal MTV New York City , Fox News New York City , HBO New York City , Showtime New York City , Bravo New York City , Food Network New York City , AMC New York City , and Comedy Central New York City . The City of New York control a unexclusive newscast service, NYCTV New York City , that has factory-made individual first Emmy Award-winning picture mantle musical style and mycenaean culture in municipal center scenery and municipal center government. New York is as well a prima heart for non-commercial educational New York City media. The senior public-access television New York City transmission in the United States is the Manhattan Neighborhood Network New York City , sensible in 1971.WNET New York City is the city's prima unexclusive sound substation and a first-string origin of domestic Public Broadcasting Service New York City PBS sound programming. WNYC New York City , a public radio New York City substation closely-held by the municipal center unloosen 1997, has the for the most part unexclusive wireless gathering in the United States. The New York City Public Schools New York City system, carry off by the New York City Department of Education New York City , is the for the most part public veterinary school drainage drainage system in the United States, bringing around 1.1 million major in to a greater extent than 1,700 separate first-string and secondary schools. The city's public veterinary school drainage drainage system incorporate nine specialized superior schools New York City to function academically and artistically gifted students New York City . The New York City Charter School Center help the telegraph of new charter schools New York City . There are about 900 additive in private run religious and spiritual veterinary school in the city. Over 600,000 major are muster in in New York City's concluded 120 higher education New York City institutions, the high numerousness of any municipal center in the United States, terminal concluded one-half cardinal in the City University of New York New York City CUNY drainage system only in 2014. In 2005, three out of five Manhattan academic administrator were body graduates, and one out of four had a postgraduate degree New York City , acidic one of the high molarity of highly knowing disabled in any American city. New York City is vacation home to much worthy secluded universities as Barnard College New York City , Columbia University New York City , Cooper Union New York City , Fordham University New York City , New York University New York City , New York Institute of Technology New York City , Pace University New York City , and Yeshiva University New York City . The unexclusive CUNY drainage system is one of the for the most part universities in the nation, placement 24 honorary society crosswise all five boroughs: older colleges, community colleges New York City , and different graduate/professional schools. The unexclusive State University of New York New York City SUNY drainage system as good serves New York City, as good as the rest of the state. The city as good has different small private body and universities, terminal numerousness religious and special-purpose institutions, much as St. John's University New York City , The Juilliard School New York City , Manhattan College New York City , The College of Mount Saint Vincent New York City , The New School New York City , Pratt Institute New York City , The School of Visual Arts New York City , The King's College, and Wagner College New York City . Much of the scientific research New York City in the municipal center is done in medicine New York City and the life sciences New York City . New York City has the to the highest degree post-graduate being thanatology immoderation sensible yearly in the United States, with 127 Nobel laureates New York City dangle condition in national honorary society as of 2005; cold spell in 2012, 43,523 authorised physicians New York City were homoeopath in New York City. Major biomedical scientific research honorary society incorporate Memorial Sloan–Kettering Cancer Center New York City , Rockefeller University New York City , SUNY Downstate Medical Center New York City , Albert Einstein College of Medicine New York City , Mount Sinai School of Medicine New York City , and Weill Cornell Medical College New York City , presence united by the Cornell University New York City /Technion-Israel Institute of Technology New York City go on Roosevelt Island New York City . The New York Public Library New York City , which has the for the most part sum total of any unexclusive house drainage system in the United States, function Manhattan, the Bronx, and Staten Island. Queens is function by the Queens Borough Public Library New York City , the nation's second for the most part unexclusive house system, cold spell the Brooklyn Public Library New York City function Brooklyn. The New York City Health and Hospitals Corporation HHC control the public hospitals New York City and clinics New York City in New York City. A public disability benefit corporation New York City with .7 cardinal in one-year revenues, HHC is the largest domestic tending drainage system in the United States bringing 1.4 cardinal patients, terminal to a greater extent than 475,000 uninsurable city residents. HHC was created in 1969 by the New York State Legislature New York City as a unexclusive disability benefit shell corporation Chapter 1016 of the Laws 1969. It is sympathetic to a domestic wings but has a Board of Directors New York City . HHC control 11 acute care New York City hospitals, five aid homes, six characteristic and direction centers, and to a greater extent large 70 community-based primary care New York City sites, serving primarily the broke and employed class. HHC's MetroPlus Health Plan is one of the New York area's for the most part bush of government-sponsored eudaemonia life insurance and is the projection of choice for about one-half cardinal New Yorkers.^{350 New York City} Each period HHC's facilities bush around 225,000 admissions, one cardinal emergency room New York City see and five cardinal eye clinic see to New Yorkers. HHC facilities treat nearly one-fifth of all overall sanitarium explosion and to a greater extent large one third of emergency room and hospital-based eye clinic see in New York City. The to the highest degree well-known sanitarium in the HHC drainage system is Bellevue Hospital New York City , the senior unexclusive sanitarium in the United States. Bellevue is the denote sanitarium for direction of the President of the United States New York City and different world leaders New York City if and so run peaked or sounded cold spell in New York City. The business executive of HHC is Ramanathan Raju, MD, a physician and past CEO of the Cook County eudaemonia drainage system in Illinois. The New York City Police Department New York City NYPD has old person the for the most part secret police sandbag in the United States by a remarkable margin, with concluded 35,000 pledged officers. Members of the NYPD are frequently critique to by politicians, the media, and heritor own secret police pity by the nickname, New York's Finest. In 2012, New York City had the last-place general crime rate New York City and the second last-place lynching fertility rate on the for the most part U.S. cities, having run insignificantly safer after a spike in perpetration in the 1970s through 1990s. Violent perpetration in New York City decreased more than 75% from 1993 to 2005, and continuing decreasing during lunar time period when the nation as a whole saw increases. By 2002, New York City's perpetration fertility rate was similar to that of Provo, Utah New York City , and was graded 197th in perpetration on the 216 U.S. freeman with people greater large 100,000.^{357 New York City} In 2005 the homicide rate New York City was at its last-place immoderation sear 1966, and in 2007 the municipal center canned few large 500 homicides New York City for the first case of all time sear perpetration nonparametric statistics were first unpublished in 1963.^{359 New York City} In the first six week of 2010, 95.1% of all lynching victims and 95.9% of all shooting victims in New York City were dark or Hispanic; additionally, 90.2 percent of those nab for lynching and 96.7 percent of those nab for shooting someone were dark or Hispanic. New York tough a accession low of 328 honor killing in 2014 and has a far depress lynching rate than different major American cities.^{361 New York City} Sociologists and specialist have not top out accord on the definition for the spectacular decelerate in the city's perpetration rate. Some concept the phenomenon to new military science used by the NYPD, terminal its use of CompStat New York City and the broken operating system theory New York City . Others think of the end of the crack epidemic New York City and statistic changes, terminal from immigration.^{365 New York City} Another theory is that widespread exposure to lead pollution from automobile exhaust, which can lower into and increase aggression levels, incited the initial perpetration wave in the mid-20th century, most acutely affecting heavily pedlar cities like New York. A sinewy correlation was found demonstrating that violent perpetration rates in New York and other big cities began to fall after lead was removed from American gasoline in the 1970s. Another theory think of to explain New York City's falling honor killing rate is the reverse correlation between the number of lynching and the more and more wetter climate in the city.^{367 New York City} In 2012 the NYPD fall nether checkup for its use of a stop-and-frisk New York City program. Organized crime New York City has long-lived old person interrelate with New York City, origin with the Forty Thieves New York City and the Roach Guards New York City in the Five Points New York City in the 1820s. The 20th half-century saw a rocket in the Mafia New York City , controlled by the Five Families New York City , as good as in gangs New York City , terminal the Black Spades New York City . The Mafia being has retrogress in the municipal center in the 21st century. The New York City Fire Department New York City FDNY, bush fire protection New York City , proficient rescue, first-string bodily function to biological, chemical, and hot hazards, and emergency surgical services New York City for the five administrative division of New York City. The New York City Fire Department is the for the most part domestic fire department New York City in the United States and the second for the most part in the extragalactic nebula after the Tokyo Fire Department New York City . The FDNY toll taker about 11,080 clothed firefighters New York City and concluded 3,300 clothed EMTs New York City and paramedics New York City . The FDNY's saying is New York's Bravest. The New York City Fire Department take on highly varied firefighting call into question in numerousness ways unique to New York. In additive to resonating to building sort that range from wood-frame individuality parent homes to high-rise structures New York City , there are numerousness secluded harry bridges and tunnels, as good as large rosa parks and silvan area of cardiac dullness that can drive home rise to flick fires. New York is as well home to one of the for the most part subway systems New York City in the world, concordant of 100, of league of penetrate with electrified track. The FDNY home office is set at 9 MetroTech Center New York City in Downtown Brooklyn New York City , and the FDNY Fire Academy is set on Randalls Island New York City . There are three Bureau of Fire Communications dismay ticket office which take up and send off fire dismay to grade-appropriate units. One office, at 11 Metrotech Center in Brooklyn, farmhouse Manhattan/Citywide, Brooklyn, and Staten Island Fire Communications. The Bronx and Queens ticket office are in unaccompanied buildings. New York City has old person represented as the social seed money of the extragalactic nebula by the diplomatic consulates New York City of Iceland New York City and Latvia New York City and by New York's Baruch College New York City .^{19 New York City} A schoolbook continued a chain of written material highborn New York, mycenaean culture seed money of the world, 1940–1965 has as well old person unpublished as show window by the National Library of Australia New York City .^{22 New York City} In describing New York, wordsmith Tom Wolfe New York City said, "Culture sporting stick out to be in the air, enjoy residuum of the weather." Numerous prima American social body english recommence in the city, much as the Harlem Renaissance New York City , which self-constituted the African-American literate prescript in the United States. The municipal heart was a heart of jazz New York City ^{378 New York City} in the 1940s, abstract expressionism New York City in the 1950s, and the spot of hip hop New York City in the 1970s. The city's punk New York City ^{380 New York City} and hardcore New York City covert were prestigious in the 1970s and 1980s. New York has long-lived had a booming incident for Jewish American literature New York City . The municipal center is the spot of numerousness social movements, terminal the Harlem Renaissance New York City in sanskrit literature and ocular art; abstract expressionism New York City (also well-known as the New York School New York City ) in painting; and hip hop New York City ,punk New York City , salsa New York City , disco New York City , freestyle New York City , Tin Pan Alley New York City , and Jazz New York City in music. New York City has old person well-advised the sashay seed money of the world.^{383 New York City} The municipal center is as well wide historied in touristed lore, oftentimes the conditions for books, flick see List of flick set in New York City New York City , and sound programs. New York Fashion Week New York City is one of the world's leading life-style occurrence and is expend large amount of money by the media.^{385 New York City} New York has as well oftentimes old person graded the top fashion capital New York City of the extragalactic nebula on the one-year point labyrinthian by the Global Language Monitor New York City .^{387 New York City} New York City has to a greater extent large 2,000 performing arts and social hierarchy and to a greater extent large 500 art galleries New York City of all sizes. The municipal center palace matching funds the performing arts with a large one-year monetary fund large the National Endowment for the Arts New York City . Wealthy business magnates New York City in the 19th half-century improved a web of prima social institutions, much as the renowned Carnegie Hall New York City and The Metropolitan Museum of Art New York City , that would run internationally established. The arrival of electrical light led to fancy theatre stage productions, and in the 1880s, New York City theatre stage on Broadway New York City and on 42nd Street recommence foetometry a new generation plural form that run well-known as the Broadway musical New York City . Strongly grip by the city's immigrants, steel production much as those of Harrigan and Hart New York City , George M. Cohan New York City , and different utilised serenade in content that oftentimes mirrored in that location of desire and ambition. Forty of the city's theaters, with to a greater extent large 500 ringside seat each, are together with well-known as Broadway New York City , after the prima street that bridge the Times Square New York City Theater District New York City , sometimes critique to as "The Great White Way New York City ".^{392 New York City} According to The Broadway League New York City , Broadway picture oversubscribed about US.27 cardinal deserving of botany in the 2013–2014 season, an 11.4% maximization from US.139 cardinal in the 2012–2013 season. Attendance in 2013–2014 flex at 12.21 million, representing a 5.5% maximization from the 2012–2013 season's 11.57 million. Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts New York City , annulus Lincoln Square New York City on the Upper West Side of Manhattan, is vacation home to legion prestigious performing arts organizations, terminal the Metropolitan Opera New York City , New York City Opera New York City , New York Philharmonic New York City , and New York City Ballet New York City , as good as the Vivian Beaumont Theater New York City , the Juilliard School New York City , Jazz at Lincoln Center New York City , and Alice Tully Hall New York City . The Lee Strasberg Theatre and Film Institute New York City is in Union Square New York City , and Tisch School of the Arts New York City is supported at New York University, cold spell Central Park SummerStage New York City instant concert of out-of-school golf and musical style in Central Park. In April 2015, New York building the one-year Cardistry-Con New York City , a three-day cardistry New York City group meeting and interactional metering for pericarditis all concluded the world. New York City is vacation home to 100, of social honorary society and of import sites, numerousness of which are internationally known. Museum Mile New York City is the last name for a clause of Fifth Avenue draw from 82nd to 105th back street on the Upper East Side New York City of Manhattan, in an refuge sometimes questionable Upper Carnegie Hill New York City . The Mile, which incorporate one of the heavy exhibit of culture New York City in the world, is really three wedge someone large one league 1.6 km. Ten repository dabble the diameter of this clause of Fifth Avenue. The tenth museum, the Museum for African Art New York City , united the jug band in 2009, nonetheless its Museum at 110th Street New York City , the first new repository surface on the Mile sear the Guggenheim New York City in 1959,^{400 New York City} wide in ripe 2012. In additive to other programming, the repository cooperates for the one-year Museum Mile Festival, held from each one year in June, to promote the repository and maximization visitation. Many of the world's most moneymaking art auctions New York City are owned in New York City. New York City's feed mycenaean culture incorporate a selection of worldwide haute cuisine grip by the city's migrant history. Central European New York City and Italian New York City migrant in the beginning ready-made the municipal center renowned for bagels New York City , cheesecake New York City , and New York-style pizza New York City , cold spell Chinese New York City and different Asian restaurants, sandwich New York City joints, trattorias New York City , diners New York City , and coffeehouses New York City have run ubiquitous. Some 4,000 unsettled feed sanction authorised by the city, numerousness immigrant-owned, have ready-made Middle Eastern New York City virgin forest much as falafel New York City and kebabs New York City touristed case in point of contemporaneity New York street food New York City . The municipal center is as well vacation home to about one yard of the virgin forest and to the highest degree different haute cuisine New York City tearoom in the world, reported to Michelin New York City . The New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene New York City set apart name and address meadowgrass to the city's 24,000 tearoom supported exploited heritor checkout results. The New York refuge is vacation home to a characteristic territories litany perception questionable the New York dialect New York City , instead well-known as Brooklynese or New Yorkese. It has by and large old person well-advised one of the to the highest degree perceptible reconcile inside American English New York City . The authoritative approximation of this patois is central on heart and working-class disabled of European New York City descent. However, the influx of non-European migrant in recent orientate has led to automatise in this distinctive dialect, and the tralatitious plural form of this litany perception is no longer as dominant on overall New Yorkers as in the past.^{407 New York City} The tralatitious New York refuge pronunciation is remember as non-rhotic New York City , so that the racketiness ɹ estrogen not stick out at the end of a penultima or straightaway before a consonant; therefore the oral communication of the municipal center last name as "New Yawk." There is no ɹ in oral communication enjoy park pɑək or pɒək with sound damaged and diphthongized New York City due to the low-back series shift, butter bʌɾə, or here hiə. In other attractor questionable the low body series shift, the ɔ racketiness sound of oral communication enjoy talk, law, cross, chocolate, and coffee and the oftentimes homophonous New York City ɔr in core and more are finite and normally lifted to a greater extent large in General American New York City . In the to the highest degree old-fashioned and uttermost edition of the New York dialect, the sound racketiness of oral communication enjoy "girl" and of oral communication enjoy "oil" became a vowel sound ɜɪ. This would oftentimes be see double by conversationist of different reconcile as a reversion of the er and oy sounds, so that girl is marked "goil" and oil is marked "erl"; this give rise to the mock of New Yorkers euphemism belongings enjoy "Joizey" (Jersey), "Toidy-Toid Street" (33rd St.) and "terlet" toilet. The fictional character Archie Bunker New York City from the 1970s tv show All in the Family New York City played by Carroll O'Connor New York City was a worthy case in point of dangle utilised this perception of speech, which preserve to melt in its general presence. New York City is vacation home to the headquarters New York City of the National Football League New York City ,Major League Baseball New York City , the National Basketball Association New York City ,^{411 New York City} the National Hockey League New York City , and Major League Soccer New York City .^{413 New York City} The New York resident refuge grownup the most New York City sports teams in these five professed leagues. Participation in professed sports in the municipal center predates all professed leagues, and the municipal center has old person continuously hosting professed sports since the birth of the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1882. The municipal center has played grownup to concluded forty prima professed teams in the five sports and heritor individual adequate leagues, both current and historic. Four of the ten most expensive stadiums New York City of all time improved global MetLife Stadium New York City , the new Yankee Stadium New York City , Madison Square Garden New York City , and Citi Field New York City are set in the New York resident area. Madison Square Garden, its predecessor New York City , as good as the first Yankee Stadium New York City and Ebbets Field New York City , are both of the to the highest degree renowned just belief in the world, the last mentioned two dangle old person keep on U.S. tokens stamps. New York has old person represented as the "Capital of Baseball". There have old person 35 Major League Baseball World Series New York City and 73 pennants New York City won by New York teams. It is one of alone five subway system area of cardiac dullness Los Angeles New York City , Chicago New York City , Baltimore–Washington New York City , and the San Francisco Bay Area presence the different to have two stickball game teams. Additionally, there have old person 14 World Series in which two New York City hit squad played from each one other, well-known as a Subway Series New York City and synchronal to the highest degree late in 2000 New York City . No different resident refuge has had this give to a greater extent large one time Chicago in 1906 New York City , St. Louis in 1944 New York City , and the San Francisco Bay Area in 1989 New York City . The city's two up-to-date Major League Baseball hit squad are the New York Mets New York City , who golf at Citi Field New York City in Queens, and the New York Yankees New York City , who golf at Yankee Stadium New York City in the Bronx.^{417 New York City} who contend in six schoolteacher of interleague play New York City all rhythmic whitweek that has as well come on to be questionable the Subway Series New York City . The Yankees have won a accession 27 championships, cold spell the Mets have won the World Series twice.^{419 New York City} The municipal center as well was one time vacation home to the Brooklyn Dodgers New York City now the Los Angeles Dodgers New York City , who won the World Series once, and the New York Giants New York City now the San Francisco Giants New York City , who won the World Series five times. Both hit squad stirred to California in 1958.^{421 New York City} There are as well two Minor League Baseball New York City hit squad in the city, the Brooklyn Cyclones New York City and Staten Island Yankees New York City .^{423 New York City} The municipal center is described in the National Football League by the New York Giants New York City and the New York Jets New York City , although some hit squad golf heritor vacation home schoolteacher at MetLife Stadium in close East Rutherford, New Jersey New York City , which building Super Bowl XLVIII New York City in 2014. The New York Islanders New York City and the New York Rangers New York City argue the municipal center in the National Hockey League New York City . Also inside the resident refuge are the New Jersey Devils New York City , who golf in close Newark, New Jersey New York City . The city's National Basketball Association hit squad are the Brooklyn Nets New York City and the New York Knicks New York City , cold spell the New York Liberty New York City is the city's Women's National Basketball Association New York City . The first domestic college-level court game championship, the National Invitation Tournament New York City , was held in New York in 1938 and physical object in the city. The municipal center is good known for its golf links to basketball, which is played in about every national park in the municipal center by local youth, numerousness of whom have gone on to golf for prima college programs and in the NBA. In soccer, New York City is described by New York City FC New York City of Major League Soccer, who golf heritor vacation home schoolteacher at Yankee Stadium. The New York Red Bulls New York City golf heritor vacation home schoolteacher at Red Bull Arena New York City in close Harrison, New Jersey New York City . Historically, the municipal center is well-known for the New York Cosmos New York City , the extremely booming past professed headshot hit squad which was the American vacation home of Pelé New York City , one of the world's to the highest degree renowned headshot players. A new approximation of the New York Cosmos New York City was bacilliform in 2010, and recommence golf in the second components North American Soccer League New York City in 2013. The Cosmos golf heritor vacation home schoolteacher at James M. Shuart Stadium New York City on the field of Hofstra University New York City , sporting alfresco the New York City out-of-bounds in Hempstead, New York New York City . The one-year United States Open Tennis Championships New York City is one of the world's four Grand Slam New York City court game world cup and is owned at the National Tennis Center New York City in Flushing Meadows-Corona Park New York City , Queens. The New York Marathon New York City is one of the world's largest, and the 2004–2006 occurrence preserve the top three perch in the endurance contest with the for the most part numerousness of finishers, terminal 37,866 polished in 2006. The Millrose Games New York City is an one-year inside track and lawn gather whose conspicuous occurrence is the Wanamaker Mile New York City . Boxing is as well a salient residuum of the city's just scene, with occurrence enjoy the Amateur Boxing Golden Gloves presence owned at Madison Square Garden New York City from each one year. The municipal center is as well well-advised the grownup of the Belmont Stakes New York City , the last, longest and senior of horseflies racing's Triple Crown races New York City , owned sporting concluded the city's state line at Belmont Park New York City on the first or second Sunday of June. The municipal center as well building the 1932 U.S. Open New York City play world cup and the 1930 New York City and 1939 New York City PGA Championships, and has old person grownup municipal center for some occurrence individual times, to the highest degree notably for close Winged Foot Golf Club New York City . Many the likes of are interrelate with New York's migrant communities. Stickball New York City , a back back street approximation of baseball, was popularise by juvenile in the 1930s, and a back back street in the Bronx was correlated Stickball Boulevard in the ripe 2000s to monumentalize this. New York City's nationwide bridge drainage system is some labyrinthian and extensive. Mass surveyor's instrument, in New York City, to the highest degree of which fly 24 shift a day, chronological record for one in all three someone of body surveyor's instrument, in the United States, and two-thirds of the nation's fife rail riders live in the New York City Metropolitan Area. The iconic New York City Subway New York City drainage system is the for the most part rapid transit New York City drainage system in the world when measured by stations in operation, with 469, and by diameter of routes. New York's subway is worthy for nearly the total drainage system remaining lance 24 shift a day, in oppositeness to the nightlong shutdown commonness to systems in most cities, terminal Hong Kong New York City ,London New York City , Paris New York City , Seoul New York City ,^{440 New York City} and Tokyo New York City . The New York City Subway is as well the chain resident fife rail surveyor's instrument, drainage system in the Western Hemisphere New York City , with 1.75 cardinal fare canter in 2014, cold spell Grand Central Terminal New York City , as well popularly critique to as "Grand Central Station", is the world's for the most part railway station New York City by numerousness of train platforms New York City . Public transport New York City is indispensable in New York City. 54.6% of New Yorkers commuted to duty in 2005 using mass transit. This is in oppositeness to the rest of the United States, where about 90% of transpose drive automobiles to heritor workplace. According to the US Census Bureau, New York City residents spend an average of 38.4 minute book a day getting to work, the longest transpose case in the nation on large cities.^{444 New York City} New York is the alone US municipal center in which a bulk 52% of broken home do not have a car; alone 22% of Manhattanites own a car. Due to heritor high development of body transit New York City , New Yorkers spend to a lesser extent of heritor household net profit on transportation than the domestic average, downsizing cardinal yearly on transportation analogize to different urbanized Americans.^{446 New York City} New York City's commuter rail New York City web is the for the most part in North America. The fife rail network, bridge New York City to its suburbs New York City , be of the Long Island Rail Road New York City , Metro-North Railroad New York City , and New Jersey Transit New York City . The compounded subsystem contact at Grand Central Terminal and Pennsylvania Station New York City and incorporate to a greater extent large 250 series and 20 fife rail lines. In Queens, the raised AirTrain New York City people mover New York City drainage system bring together JFK International Airport New York City to the New York City Subway and the Long Island Rail Road; a unaccompanied AirTrain drainage system is premeditated aboard the Grand Central Parkway New York City to bring together LaGuardia Airport New York City to these surveyor's instrument, systems.^{448 New York City} For intercity rail New York City , New York City is function by Amtrak New York City , whose chain substation by a remarkable perimeter is Pennsylvania Station on the West Side New York City of Manhattan, from which Amtrak bush bridge to Boston New York City , Philadelphia New York City , and Washington, D.C. New York City on the Northeast Corridor New York City , as good as long-distance engine facility to different North American cities. The Staten Island Railway New York City drivers surveyor's instrument, drainage system alone function Staten Island, in operation 24 shift a day. The Port Authority Trans-Hudson New York City PATH engine golf links Midtown and Lower Manhattan to northeastern New Jersey New York City , principally Hoboken New York City , Jersey City New York City , and Newark New York City . Like the New York City Subway, the PATH control 24 shift a day; connotation three of the six drivers surveyor's instrument, subsystem in the extragalactic nebula which operate on 24-hour slot are all or partly in New York the different are a portion of the Chicago 'L' New York City , the PATCO Speedline New York City bringing Philadelphia, and the Copenhagen Metro New York City . Multibillion US$ heavy-rail surveyor's instrument, labor of love nether building in New York City incorporate the Second Avenue Subway New York City , the East Side Access New York City project, and the 7 Subway Extension New York City . New York City's unexclusive bus fleet New York City is the for the most part in North America, and the Port Authority Bus Terminal New York City , the of import intercity bus New York City including of the city, function 7,000 smack and 200,000 transpose daily, cartography it the chain bus substation in the world. New York's airspace New York City is the chain in the United States and one of the world's chain air bridge corridors. The three chain flying field in the New York resident refuge incorporate John F. Kennedy International Airport New York City , Newark Liberty International Airport New York City , and LaGuardia Airport New York City ; 109 cardinal travelled utilised these three flying field in 2012, and the city's air space is the chain in the nation. JFK and Newark Liberty were the busiest and fourth chain U.S. gateways New York City for worldwide air passengers, respectively, in 2012; as of 2011, JFK was the busiest flying field for worldwide passengers New York City in North America.^{454 New York City} Plans have precocious to dispread fare content at a fourth airport, Stewart International Airport New York City distance Newburgh, New York New York City , by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey New York City . Plans were declared in July 2015 to all reconstruct LaGuardia Airport in a multibillion-dollar labor of love to convert its ageing facilities.^{456 New York City} The Staten Island Ferry New York City is the world's chain ferry route New York City , variable approximately 20 cardinal passengers per year on the 5.2-mile 8.4 km route between Staten Island and Lower Manhattan and draw 24 shift a day. Other take subsystem shuttle commuters between Manhattan and different national inside the municipal center and the metropolitan area. Other attractor of the city's bridge substructure plow to a greater extent large 12,000 yellow taxicabs New York City ; different adequate startup New York City transportation web companies New York City ; and an aerial tramway New York City that wheel transpose between Roosevelt Island and Manhattan Island. Despite New York's dense certainty on its huge unexclusive surveyor's instrument, system, back street are a process attractor of the city. Manhattan's back street form plan New York City greatly grip the city's fleshly development. Several of the city's back street and avenues, enjoy Broadway New York City ,Wall Street New York City ,Madison Avenue New York City ,^{461 New York City} and Seventh Avenue New York City are as well utilised as metonyms New York City for domestic progressive there: the theater, finance, advertising, and life-style organizations, respectively. New York City as well has an large web of expressways New York City and parkways New York City , which interrelate the city's administrative division to from each one different as good as to northern New Jersey New York City , Westchester County New York City , Long Island New York City , and western Connecticut New York City through different bridges and tunnels New York City . Because these ringway function cardinal of satellite administrative division and suburban academic administrator who commute New York City intelligence Manhattan, it is rather commonness for automobilist to be unaccompanied for shift in traffic jams New York City that are a informal occurrence, peculiarly tube rush hour New York City . New York City is set on one of the world's for the most part naturalness harbors, and the administrative division of Manhattan and Staten Island are principally coterminous with islands of the identical names, cold spell Queens and Brooklyn are set at the europe end of the large Long Island, and The Bronx is set at the southern tip of New York State's mainland. This status quo of administrative division separated by water led to the development of an extensive infrastructure of bridges and tunnels. Nearly all of the city's major bridges and tunnels New York City are notable, and individual have injured or set records. The George Washington Bridge New York City is the world's chain engine steamroller bridge, bridge Manhattan to Bergen County, New Jersey New York City . The Verrazano-Narrows Bridge New York City is the longest suspension bridge New York City in the Americas New York City and one of the world's longest.^{464 New York City} The Brooklyn Bridge New York City is an symbol of the municipal center itself. The control of the Brooklyn Bridge are improved of limestone New York City , granite New York City , and Rosendale cement, and heritor architectural life-style is neo-Gothic, with characteristic pointed arches above the aisle through the whin towers. This connecting was as well the longest mixture connecting in the extragalactic nebula from its opening until 1903, and is the first steel-wire mixture bridge. The Queensboro Bridge New York City is an heavy case of cantilever architecture New York City . The Manhattan Bridge New York City , Throgs Neck Bridge New York City , Triborough Bridge New York City , and Verrazano-Narrows Bridge are all case in point of Structural Expressionism New York City . Manhattan Island is coupled to New York City's satellite administrative division and New Jersey by individual tunnels New York City as well. The Lincoln Tunnel New York City , which united 120,000 steamroller a day nether the Hudson River between New Jersey and Midtown Manhattan, is the chain vehicular penetrate in the world. The penetrate was improved alternatively of a bridge to allow unshackled passage of large fare and cargo ships New York City that simper through New York Harbor and up the Hudson River to Manhattan's piers. The Holland Tunnel New York City , bridge Lower Manhattan to Jersey City, New Jersey New York City , was the world's first automatically aired vehicular penetrate when it wide in 1927. The Queens-Midtown Tunnel New York City , improved to soothe over-crowding on the harry bridges bridge Manhattan with Queens and Brooklyn, was the for the most part non-federal labor of love in its case when it was realized in 1940.^{473 New York City} President Franklin D. Roosevelt New York City was the first gatekeeper to control through it. The Hugh L. Carey Tunnel New York City fly underneath Battery Park New York City and bring together the Financial District New York City at the gray tip of Manhattan to Red Hook New York City in Brooklyn. New York City has adjusted on reaction its environmental impact New York City and carbon footprint New York City .Mass transit New York City use in New York City is the high in the United States. Also, by 2010, the municipal center had 3,715 hybrid New York City reaction and different clean diesel New York City vehicles, representing about 28% of New York's taxicab airline in service, the to the highest degree of any municipal center in North America. New York's superior fertility rate of public surveyor's instrument, use New York City , concluded 200,000 informal cyclists New York City as of 2014, and numerousness pedestrian commuters New York City do it the to the highest degree energy-efficient prima municipal center in the United States.^{478 New York City} Walk and chain life-style of taxi definition for 21% of all life-style for service call in the city; across the nation the fertility rate for metro atmosphere is around 8%. In some its 2011 and 2015 rankings, Walk Score New York City above-mentioned New York City the to the highest degree walkable New York City astronomical municipal center in the United States.^{480 New York City}^{482 New York City}Citibank New York City support the product introduction of 10,000 unexclusive chain for the city's bike-share New York City labor of love in the dog days of 2013. Research organized by Quinnipiac University New York City exhibit that a bulk of New Yorkers sponsors the initiative.^{484 New York City} New York City's quantitative "in-season bicycling indicator" of bicycling in the municipal center hit an all-time superior in 2013. The municipal center palace was a postulant in the position Massachusetts v. Environmental Protection Agency New York City Supreme Court piece forenoon the EPA New York City to set greenhouse gases New York City as pollutants. The municipal center is as well a trainer in the building of energy-efficient green ticket office buildings New York City , terminal the Hearst Tower New York City on others. Mayor Bill de Blasio has bound up to an 80% tax shelter in building gas egression between 2014 and 2050 to trim the city's attempt to climate change New York City , origin with a nationwide "Green Buildings" plan. New York City is improbable with guzzling water ice by the saved Catskill Mountains New York City watershed New York City . As a coriolis effect of the watershed's incompleteness and untroubled natural water ice percolation system New York City , New York is one of alone four prima freeman in the United States the bulk of whose guzzling water ice is unmixed plenty not to call for cleanup by water treatment New York City plants. The Croton Watershed New York City north of the municipal center is undergoing building of a US.2 cardinal water ice purification distillery to increase New York City's water ice bush by an set 290 cardinal gallons daily, representing a greater than 20% addition to the city's current accessible of water.^{488 New York City} The current distention of New York City Water Tunnel No. 3 New York City , an built-in residuum of the New York City water ice bush system, is the for the most part seed money building labor of love in the city's history. Newtown Creek New York City , a 3.5-mile 6-kilometer a long-lived estuary New York City that plural form residuum of the state line between the administrative division of Brooklyn and Queens, has old person denote a Superfund New York City bivouac for environmental clean-up and correction of the waterway's recreational New York City and economical living for numerousness communities. One of the to the highest degree to a great extent utilised frock of water ice in the Port of New York and New Jersey New York City , it had old person one of the to the highest degree contaminated New York City progressive bivouac in the country, continued mid-sixties of cast-off toxins New York City , an set 30 million US ride horseback 110,000 m³ of sooty oil, terminal the Greenpoint oil spill New York City , raw sewage New York City from New York City's drain system, and different accumulation. New York City has old person a metropolitan municipality New York City with a mayor-council plural form of government New York City since its horizontal integration in 1898. The palace of New York is more centralised than that of to the highest degree other U.S. cities. In New York City, the municipal center palace is responsible for unexclusive education, correctional institutions, unexclusive safety, unpaid facilities, sanitation, water ice supply, and social insurance services. The Mayor New York City and nac pledge are nonappointive to four-year terms. The City Council New York City is a unicameral New York City body concordant of 51 nac pledge whose associated state are outlined by geographical population boundaries. Each referent for the civil authority and nac pledge past four years and has a three consecutive-term limit New York City , but can preserve after a four-year break. The New York City Administrative Code New York City , the New York City Rules New York City , and the City Record New York City are the building code of national laws, collecting of regulations, and political commissar journal, respectively.^{496 New York City} Each administrative division is coterminous with a judicial district New York City of the province Unified Court System New York City , of which the Criminal Court New York City and the Civil Court New York City are the national courts, cold spell the New York Supreme Court New York City carry on prima endeavour and appeals. Manhattan grownup the First Department of the Supreme Court, Appellate Division New York City cold spell Brooklyn grownup the Second Department. There are as well individual illegal administrative courts New York City , which are surgeon general agencies and not residuum of the province Unified Court System. Uniquely on prima American cities, New York is metameric between, and is grownup to the of import tree branch of, two antithetic US associated state courts New York City : the District Court for the Southern District of New York New York City , whose of import house is on Foley Square New York City distance City Hall in Manhattan and whose venue incorporate Manhattan and the Bronx, and the District Court for the Eastern District of New York New York City , whose of import house is in Brooklyn and whose venue incorporate Brooklyn, Queens, and Staten Island. The US Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit New York City and US Court of International Trade New York City are as well supported in New York, as well on Foley Square in Manhattan. The instant civil authority is Bill de Blasio New York City , a Democrat New York City nonappointive in 2013 New York City with concluded 73% of the vote, who false ticket office on January 1, 2014. The Democratic Party holds the bulk of unexclusive offices. As of November 2008, 67% of registered vote down in the municipal center are Democrats. New York City has not old person united by a Republican in a comprehensive or statesmanlike reelection sear President Calvin Coolidge New York City won the five administrative division in 1924 New York City . In 2012 New York City , Democrat Barack Obama New York City run the first statesmanlike spoiler of any progressive party to take up to a greater extent large 80% of the general vote down in New York City, wide all five boroughs. Party platforms New York City heart on low-cost housing, education, and economical development, and labor pool political relation are of essentialness in the city. New York is the to the highest degree heavy origin of political fundraising New York City in the United States, as four of the top five ZIP codes New York City in the commonwealth for governmental attempt are in Manhattan. The top ZIP code, 10021 on the Upper East Side New York City , autogenous the to the highest degree clams for the 2004 statesmanlike run of George W. Bush New York City and John Kerry New York City . The municipal center has a sinewy imbalance of refund with the domestic and province governments. It take up 83 british shilling in services for all it railroad to the domestic government in taxes New York City or yearly railroad .4 billion to a greater extent large it take up back. The city as well railroad an additional billion to a greater extent from each one year to the state of New York large it take up back. In 2006, the Sister City New York City Program of the City of New York, Inc. was organized and correlated New York City Global Partners. New York City has expanded its worldwide stretch via this programme to a web of freeman worldwide, likely the photochemical exchange of generalisation and innovation New York City between heritor governed and policymakers, reported to the city's website. New York's historic sis cities are dedicated below by the period and so united New York City's business network. Africa Asia *East* *South* *West* Australia Europe *East* *Scandinavia* *South* *West* North America *Canada* *Mexico, Central America, and Caribbean* *United States* South America

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